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On the journey from gene to protein, a nascent RNA molecule could be minimize and joined, or spliced, in several methods earlier than being translated right into a protein. This course of, referred to as different splicing, permits a single gene to encode a number of totally different proteins. Alternative splicing happens in lots of organic processes, like when stem cells mature into tissue-specific cells. In the context of illness, nonetheless, different splicing could be dysregulated. Therefore, you will need to look at the transcriptome—that’s, all of the RNA molecules that may stem from genes—to know the basis reason behind a situation.
However, traditionally it has been tough to “learn” RNA molecules of their entirety as a result of they’re normally 1000’s of bases lengthy. Instead, researchers have relied on so-called short-read RNA sequencing, which breaks RNA molecules and sequence them in a lot shorter items—someplace between 200 to 600 bases, relying on the platform and protocol. Computer applications are then used to reconstruct the total sequences of RNA molecules.
Short-read RNA sequencing may give extremely correct sequencing information, with a low per-base error fee of roughly 0.1% (that means one base is incorrectly decided for each 1,000 bases sequenced). Nevertheless, it’s restricted within the data that it will possibly present because of the quick size of the sequencing reads. In some ways, short-read RNA sequencing is like breaking a big image into many jigsaw items which can be all the identical form and measurement after which attempting to piece the image again collectively.
Recently, “long-read” platforms that may sequence RNA molecules over 10,000 bases in size end-to-end have turn out to be accessible. These platforms don’t require RNA molecules to be damaged up earlier than they’re sequenced, however they…
2023-01-20 14:00:02 Researchers develop new, extra correct computational instrument for long-read RNA sequencing
Post from phys.org