An invasion of alien earthworm species is causing significant ecological disruption in North America. A recent study conducted by researchers at Stanford University and Sorbonne University has revealed that at least 70 non-native earthworm species have established themselves on the continent, posing a serious threat to the native ecosystems.
According to Elizabeth Hadly, the Paul S. and Billie Achilles Professor in Environmental Biology at Stanford University, the proliferation of earthworms is a clear indication of the impact of human activity on the environment. This phenomenon, known as the Anthropocene, has led to the global homogenization of biodiversity, resulting in the decline of local species and the disruption of natural ecosystem processes.
Despite their inconspicuous nature, earthworms are highly valuable to farmers and gardeners due to their ability to create tunnels that facilitate the circulation of air, water, and nutrients in the soil. Additionally, their waste serves as a nutrient-rich fertilizer.
Furthermore, earthworms play a crucial role in various processes that have far-reaching effects on aboveground communities and the atmosphere. While their mechanical movement in the soil initially releases carbon dioxide, the long-term impact of digesting organic material results in a net increase in carbon sequestration in areas where earthworms are present.
Since the late 1800s, earthworms have been introduced to North America from various regions around the world, including Asia, Europe, South America, and Africa. While these introductions have benefited the agricultural economy in some areas, they have also had detrimental effects. Non-native earthworms are more likely to consume aboveground leaf litter, negatively impacting the habitat quality for native plants, amphibians, and insects.
2024-02-08 18:00:05
Article from phys.org