What are the common symptoms of GERD?
Symptoms of GERD
GERD stands for gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is a chronic digestive disease that occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. The symptoms of GERD can vary from person to person, but the most common symptoms are:
- Heartburn: a burning sensation in the chest that can spread to the neck, throat, and jaw
- Regurgitation: a sour or bitter taste in the mouth, often accompanied by a feeling of nausea or vomiting
- Dysphagia: difficulty swallowing or the sensation of food sticking in the throat
- Chronic cough: a persistent cough that is not related to allergies or infection
- Chest pain: a pain or discomfort in the chest that may be mistaken for a heart attack
- Laryngitis: hoarseness or loss of voice
Treatment for GERD
GERD can be managed with a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. The following are some ways to treat GERD:
Lifestyle Changes
- Avoid trigger foods: greasy, spicy, or acidic foods can trigger GERD symptoms
- Eat smaller meals: larger meals can cause the stomach to produce more acid
- Avoid lying down after eating: allow 2-3 hours for digestion before lying down
- Lose weight: excess weight can put pressure on the stomach and lead to GERD
- Elevate the head of the bed: use a foam wedge or elevate the bed to prevent acid from flowing back into the esophagus
Medications
- Antacids: neutralize stomach acid
- H2 blockers: reduce the production of stomach acid
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): block the production of acid and are the most effective for treating GERD
- Prokinetics: help the stomach empty faster and reduce reflux
If lifestyle changes and medication do not relieve GERD symptoms, surgery may be an option. The most common surgery for GERD is called fundoplication, which involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the LES to strengthen it and prevent acid reflux.
It is important to speak with a healthcare provider if you experience symptoms of GERD. Untreated, GERD can lead to complications such as esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal cancer.